{"id":2108,"date":"2021-07-27T13:00:40","date_gmt":"2021-07-27T04:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/franchir-japan.com\/wordpress\/?p=2108"},"modified":"2021-09-24T03:42:07","modified_gmt":"2021-09-23T18:42:07","slug":"japanese-agglutinative-languages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/franchir-japan.com\/wordpress\/2021\/07\/27\/japanese-agglutinative-languages\/","title":{"rendered":"\uff1c\u3081\u3056\u305b\u8a9e\u5b66\u30de\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\uff1e\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306f\u81a0\u7740\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u3001\u30c1\u30d9\u30c3\u30c8\u8a9e\u3001\u30d3\u30eb\u30de\u8a9e\u306f\u5b64\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3001\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u8a9e\u3001\u30c8\u30eb\u30b3\u8a9e\u306f\u81a0\u7740\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u8a9e\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3001\u30a4\u30bf\u30ea\u30a2\u8a9e\u306f\u5c48\u6298\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u30f3\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u30f3\u8af8\u8a9e\u306f\u62b1\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3069\u3046\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\uff01\uff1f<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u3068\u3044\u3046\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3001\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u3053\u306e\u985e\u578b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u304a\u8a71\u3002
\n\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u81a0\u7740\u8a9e\u3068\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd\u304c\u8a9e\u306b\u4ed8\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u306e\u306a\u3044\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u81a0\u7740\u8a9e<\/strong>\u306f\u82f1\u8a9e\u3067agglutinative languages\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3068\u540c\u3058\u304f\u300c\u304f\u3063\u3064\u304f\u8a00\u8a9e\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u3002
\n\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u305f\u3002
\n\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002
\n\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002
\n\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304d\u305d\u3046\u3060\u3002
\n\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002
\n\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u306a\u3069\u3001\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u300c\u54b2\u304f\u300d\u306a\u306e\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6d3b\u7528\u306e\u3042\u3068\u306b\u300c\u305f\u300d\u300c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u300d\u300c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u300d\u300c\u305d\u3046\u3060\u300d\u300c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u306a\u3069\u3001\u63a5\u5c3e\u8a9e\u304c\u3069\u3093\u3069\u3093\u304f\u3063\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u304c\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3059\u3002\u81a0\u7740\u8a9e\u306f\u63a5\u5c3e\u8a9e\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u304a\u5f01\u5f53\u300d\u306e\u300c\u304a\u300d\u3084\u300c\u7121\u611f\u899a\u300d\u306e\u300c\u7121\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u982d\u306b\u3064\u304f\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u4eca\u5ea6\u306f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u306b\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u3002
\n\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u305f\u3002
\n\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002
\n\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/td>\n		\u82b1\u5f00\u3002\/\u5f00\u82b1\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u6587\u8108\u6b21\u7b2c\u3067\u3001
\n\u300c\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u3002\u300d\u306b\u3082\u3001
\n\u300c\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u305f\u3002\u300d\u306b\u3082\u3001
\n\u300c\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u300d\u306b\u3082\u3001
\n\u300c\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u300d\u306b\u3082\u89e3\u91c8\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304d\u305d\u3046\u3060\u3002<\/td>\n\u82b1\u5feb\u8981\u5f00\u4e86\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td>\n\u82b1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td>\n\u82b1\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u4e86\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6700\u521d\u306e4\u6587\u306f\u540c\u3058\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u307e\u305f\u3001\u300c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u306a\u3069\u306f\u300c\u53ef\u80fd\u300d\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304c\u5206\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u52d5\u8a5e\u306b\u3069\u3093\u3069\u3093\u4ed6\u306e\u8a9e\u304c\u304f\u3063\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002
\n\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a9e\u304c\u5f62\u614b\u5909\u5316\u305b\u305a\u3001\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u52d5\u8a5e\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u54c1\u8a5e\u306e\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u3001\u8a9e\u9806\u306b\u3088\u308b\u304b\u3001\u7279\u5225\u306e\u8a9e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8a00\u8a9e\u3092\u300c\u5b64\u7acb\u8a9e\u300d<\/strong>\uff08Isolating language\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b21\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002
\n(\u82f1\u8a9e)<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u3002<\/td>\nThe flowers bloom. \/\u00a0 The flower blooms.
\nThe flowers will bloom. \/\u00a0 The flower will bloom.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/td>\nThe flowers bloomed.\/ The flower bloomed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/td>\nThe flowers are blooming.\/ The flower is blooming.
\nThe flowers are in bloom.\/ The flower is in bloom.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/td>\nThe flowers were blooming. \/ The flower was blooming.
\nThe flowers were in bloom. \/ The flower was in bloom.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304d\u305d\u3046\u3060\u3002<\/td>\nThe flowers are about to bloom. \/The flower is about to bloom.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td>\nThe flowers may bloom. \/ The flower may bloom.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td>\nThe flowers may have bloomed.\/The flower may have bloomed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\uff08\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u3002<\/td>\nLes fleurs fleurissent. \/ La fleur fleurit.
\nLes fleurs fleuriront. \/ La fleur fleurira.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/td>\nLes fleurs ont fleuri. \/ La fleur a fleuri.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/td>\nLes fleurs sont en train de fleurir. \/ La fleur est en train de fleurir.
\nLes fleurs sont en fleurs. \/ La fleur est en fleur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/td>\nLes fleurs \u00e9taient en fleurs. \/ La fleur \u00e9tait en fleur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304d\u305d\u3046\u3060\u3002<\/td>\nLes fleurs sont sur le point de fleurir. \/ La fleur est sur le point de fleurir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td>\nLes fleurs peuvent fleurir. \/ La fleur peut fleurir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/td>\nLes fleurs peuvent avoir fleuri. \/ La fleur peut avoir fleuri.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u306f\u8907\u6570\u304b\u5358\u6570\u304b\u306f\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3084\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u306b\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u305d\u308c\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e0a\u306e\u8868\u3067\u306fthe \u3084la, les \u306a\u3069\u306e\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u3067\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b a \u3084une, des \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u51a0\u8a5e\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u306e\u52d5\u8a5e\u306f\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u539f\u5247\u52d5\u4f5c\u52d5\u8a5e\u3067\u3001\u8f9e\u66f8\u7cfb\u300c\u54b2\u304f\u300d\u304c\u672a\u6765\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u300c\uff08\u6625\u306b\u306f\uff09\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u300d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306f\u73fe\u5728\u5f62\u3001\u300c\uff08\u4eca\u304b\u3089\uff09\u82b1\u304c\u54b2\u304f\u300d\u306f\u672a\u6765\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u306e\u6587\u7ae0\u3092\u898b\u308c\u3070\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306a\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u82f1\u8a9e\u3084\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3001\u300c\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3092may \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u52a9\u52d5\u8a5e\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u306f\u52d5\u8a5e\uff08bloom\u3084be\u52d5\u8a5e\uff09\u3092\u672a\u6765\u5f62\u3084\u904e\u53bb\u5f62\u306a\u3069\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u3066\u7d30\u304b\u3044\u30cb\u30e5\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u304c\u5c48\u6298\u8a9e<\/strong>\uff08inflected languages\uff09\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5b64\u7acb\u8a9e<\/td>\nisolating languages<\/td>\n\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u3001\u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u8a9e\u3001\u30e9\u30aa\u30b9\u8a9e\u3001\u30bf\u30a4\u8a9e\u3001\u30af\u30e1\u30fc\u30eb\u8a9e\u3001\u30b5\u30e2\u30a2\u8a9e\u3001\u30c1\u30d9\u30c3\u30c8\u8a9e\u3001\u30d3\u30eb\u30de\u8a9e\u306a\u3069<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u81a0\u7740\u8a9e<\/td>\nagglutinative languages<\/td>\n\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3001\u671d\u9bae\uff08\u97d3\u56fd\uff09\u8a9e\u3001\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u8a9e\u3001\u30c8\u30eb\u30b3\u8a9e\u3001\u30cf\u30f3\u30ac\u30ea\u30fc\u8a9e\u3001\u30c4\u30f3\u30b0\u30fc\u30b9\u8af8\u8a9e\u3001\u30d5\u30a3\u30f3\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u8a9e\u3001\u30bf\u30df\u30eb\u8a9e\u3001\u30a6\u30a4\u30b0\u30eb\u8a9e\u3001\u30a6\u30ba\u30d9\u30af\u8a9e\u306a\u3069<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5c48\u6298\u8a9e<\/td>\ninflected languages<\/td>\n\u82f1\u8a9e(*)\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u8a9e\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\u3001\u30a4\u30bf\u30ea\u30a2\u8a9e\u3001\u30b9\u30da\u30a4\u30f3\u8a9e\u3001\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u3001\u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u8a9e\u3001\u30a2\u30e9\u30d3\u30a2\u8a9e\u306a\u3069<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u62b1\u5408\u8a9e<\/td>\npolysynthetic languages<\/td>\n\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u30f3\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u30f3\u8af8\u8a9e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(*)\u82f1\u8a9e\u306f\u540d\u8a5e\u3084\u52d5\u8a5e\u304c\u3042\u307e\u308a\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u5b64\u7acb\u8a9e\u7684\u306a\u7279\u5fb4\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3082\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3053\u306e\u5b64\u7acb\u8a9e\u3001\u81a0\u7740\u8a9e\u3001\u5c48\u6298\u8a9e\u3068\u3044\u3046\u985e\u578b\u306e\u8d77\u6e90\u306f\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u30ab\u30fc\u30eb\u30fb\u30f4\u30a3\u30eb\u30d8\u30eb\u30e0\u30fb\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30f3\u30dc\u30eb\u30c8\uff08Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Karl Ferdinand Freiherr von Humboldt\u30011767 – 1835\u5e74\uff09\u306b\u3055\u304b\u306e\u307c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\n\u901a\u5e38\u5f7c\u306f\u6587\u5316\u306e\u4ea4\u914d\u3092\u3088\u3057\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u304c\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u5b64\u7acb\u3092\u9577\u6240\u306b\u5909\u3048\u305f\u3068\u8a8d\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3044\u3063\u307d\u3046\u3067\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u4e00\u3068\u5b89\u5b9a\u306b\u8ca2\u732e\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3068\u3082\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n

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\n\u30c1\u30e7\u30e0\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30fb\u30ca\u30a6\uff08Chomsky, Now)\uff01<\/a>
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\n\u300c\u306f\u300d\u3068\u300c\u304c\u300d\u306e\u9055\u3044<\/a>
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